This impressive structure built during the Ptolemaic period was once able to seat up to 15,000 spectators. With its three level cavesa and ornate designs, the theatre offered entertainment to the masses and gives an idea of the cultural life in Alexandria during that time.
Spread across three levels underground, this UNESCO world heritage site is a labyrinth of tombs and burial chambers dating back to the Ptolemaic period. Wonder through its narrow passageways and carefully analyze the well preserved carvings and paintings adorning the walls.
Walk around this historic site that was once home to thousands of manuscript and considered the greatest archive of knowledge in the ancient world. Admire the ongoing archaeological works and installations that shed light on how such a massive collection was organized in the Library's heydays.
Believed to be part of a temple built under the Roman prefecture, this towering pillar is a rare surviving structure from antiquity. At 20 meters high, its pink granite construction and intricate carvings provide clues about the architectural and artisanal feats during that era.
Strategically located at the eastern harbour, this 15th century fortification protected Alexandria from invasions. Stroll through its impressive walls and towers taking in scenic views of the coastline as well as understanding its military design and role in the city's defense system.
This comprehensive one-day tour of Alexandria's most iconic historical sites offers a fascinating glimpse into the rich heritage and culture that thrived in this ancient Mediterranean city. From architectural marvels like the Roman Theatre to underground discoveries at the Catacomb of Kom El-Shokafa, the highlights give insight into Alexandria's prominence as an epicenter of learning and commerce through the ages. Capping off this journey through the Remains of the Library of Alexandria and the scenic Qaitbay Citadel further underscores how this North African coastal metropolis has always been entwined with Egypt's eventful past. Visitors will leave fully satisfied after gaining deeper contextual appreciation of Alexandria - truly making this an educational and memorable experience.
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Exploring Alexandria’s Glorious Past
The one day guided group tour from Cairo to Alexandria offers an insightful journey through some of the city’s most iconic historical attractions. Leaving early morning from hotels in Cairo or Giza, travellers will embark on a 3 hour drive to Alexandria. A professionally licensed guide will provide seamless transportation and commentary throughout the tour stops as outlined in the itinerary.
Roman Theatre – A Showcase of Ptolemaic Culture
The first major highlight is the Roman Theatre, one of the key features dating back to Alexandria’s Ptolemaic era. With a headline act capacity of 15,000, this structure was undoubtedly the center of entertainment for locals and visitors alike. Its 3-level seating arrangement, known as the cavea, and ornate carvings transport one to the hustling cultural scene in antiquity. Experts believe this theatre held performances of plays, music and poetry recitals that were highly popular during that golden period.
Catacomb of Kom El-Shokafa – A Labyrinth of History
Next on the agenda is the UNESCO site of Catacomb of Kom El-Shokafa, situated right below the busy streets of Alexandria. Spread across 3 levels underground, it offers a compelling glimpse into the 3rd century AD burial traditions of wealthy residents. The narrow passages lined with carved wall decorations lead one through the multi-room necropolis. With intricate paintings and hieroglyphs still intact, wandering these quiet tunnels feels like an entry into the afterlife dimensions of old.
Library of Alexandria – Once a Knowledge Powerhouse
An essential stopover is the site of the legendary Library of Alexandria, considered the epic knowledge archive of its time housing over 500,000 manuscripts. Unfortunately, almost none of the original architecture remains today. However, informative displays explain how such a massive collection was organized logistically as well as the library’s immeasurable impact on scholarship. Researchers are continually digging to piece together more details of this seminal institution that shaped global education forever.
Marvel at Pompey’s Towering Pillar
Next is the sole survivor of a whole structure – Pompey’s Pillar, carved from red Aswan granite in the 3rd century AD. Original purpose was a temple peristyle hall but now it stands alone in solitary grandeur at 22m height and 7m circumference. Up close, intricate carvings of animals, plants and geometric patterns depicting construction techniques fascinate visitors. This lone pillar serves as a reminder of the scale and beauty of architecture that was once ubiquitous in this port town.
Qaitbay Citadel – Protecting the Coastline
Concluding the tour is a photo stop at the Qaitbay Citadel overlooking the Eastern Harbour. Constructed in 1477 AD by Sultan Al Ashraf Qaitbay, it defended Alexandria strategically from invasions. Strolling along its robust limestone walls and towers allows for appreciation of the military engineering involved as well as scenic vistas. This fortification played a pivotal protective role and its imposing presence continues resonating history even today.
A Rewarding Insight into Alexandria
This action-packed one day itinerary ensures travelling back in time to experience Alexandria’s grand role as a bustling center of Hellenistic culture, Roman occupation and later Islamic civilization. Under expert guidance, each resplendent antiquated site showcased offers deeper contextual layers to the city’s heritage. Visitors gain multi-dimensional perspectives that ignite the imagination and curiosity to discover more about this fabled North African port destination.
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